It is one of the strongest natural fibres having rich cellulose content. Bleaching could be done with ramie fiber and cloth. Old fiber new image page from ohio state university extension source 1. Its use spread through europe in the middle ages and it has been cultivated since the 1930s in china, japan, europe, south america, and the united states. These fibers impart elastic strength to stems, leaves, roots, fruits, and seeds of flowering plants. Exploring of a new natural fiber composite ramie fabric. Caption title revision of, and supersedes miscellaneous circular no. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. One of the products of the soil was flax, and out of the fiber from flax, linen was made. Revision of, and supersedes miscellaneous circular no. The flaxlike fiber from the stem of this plant, used. Boehmeria nivea, native to china, is the species usually cultivated for fibre, although b. Overly, claims it was soybean fiber in a phenolic resin with formaldehyde used in the impregnation davis, 51.
Full text of ramie fiber production see other formats historic, archived document do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices ilibrary i circular no. We hope you will participate on the ramie forums, it is a great place to find or post information on ramie genealogy and is completely free to participate. It is a bast fiber, and the fiber used for textiles comes from the inner bark phloem of the vegetative stalks and not the woody stem or outer bark. You can also choose from raw, bleached, and dyed ramie fiber, as well as from antibacteria, abrasionresistant, and flame retardant ramie fiber there are 1,723 suppliers who sells ramie fiber on, mainly located in asia. Exploring of a new natural fiber composite ramie fabric up composite h. The process of transforming ramie fiber into fabric is similar to manufacturing linen from flax. Exploring of a new natural fiber composite ramie fabric up. Ramie, a renewable natural fiber abundantly produced in. Ramie fiber partakes somewhat of the nature of flax or hemp. Ramie textile is very strong, durable and highly absorbent. It is even assumed that the fabric has been processed in egypt mummy cloths thousands of years ago. The demand of ramie fiber is increasing for its luster, strength, excellent microbial resistance and valuable hygienic properties. The effect of fiber orientations on the mechanical.
Like linen, ramie is a bast fiber, made from a plant source. The suture found to be biocompatible towards human erythrocytes and nontoxic to mammalian cells. It is not certain whether ramie was used for mummy cloths in egypt. Properties of ramie fibers advantages and disadvantages. Ramie fiber, extracted from the plant bast, is important in the textile industry. Ramie is a soft, fine fiber that has been used in china for paper and fabric since prehistoric times. History of fibres natural and manmade fibres textile school. Degummed ramie is almost pure cellulose and its fibers are stronger than cotton, hemp, and flax. Microfibers in technical fibers refer to ultra fine fibers glass or meltblown thermoplastics often used in filtration. Ramie is an ageold fiber plant that has been made into yarn and textiles for millennia because of the. Natural fibers are getting attention from researchers and academician to utilize in polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. One article claims that they were made from a chemical formula that, among many other ingredients, included soybeans, wheat, hemp, flax and ramie.
Newer fiber designs include extruding fiber that splits into multiple finer fibers. The content of books covers general history and culture in okinawa and also provide technical information on traditional weaving and dyeing with lots of photos. After analyzing, it is found that, ramie fiber is composed of following chemical composition. Until recently ramie has been unknown in the readytowear market in this country, but it is appearing in more garments. The use of ramie fibers as reinforcements in composites. The inner fiber is unsurpassed in strength, and in fineness it rivals flax, and possesses a silky luster shared only by jute. Nov 25, 2017 the problems studied and searched for this research are fiber orientation 0, 45, 90 and volume fraction 30%, 40% and 50%, on composite ramie fiber and sea sengon wood cores for the development of wind turbine blades, which can improve the mechanical properties of wind turbine blades. The type of mat used is imported from a chinese supplier based in shanghai by sea freight and. Ramie fibers are comparatively less well known than any other mentioned bast fibers due to their limited. Ramie fiber is used for making bled with other fibers like cotton, wool, flax, polyester, acrylic and silk. Aug 21, 2012 ramie was used as a linenlike fabric as far back as the times of ancient egyptians. It was used in mummy cloths in egypt during the period 5000 3000 bc and has been growth in china for many centuries. If you are interested in okinawan textiles, this set of beautiful books is perfect to have. We have collected some of the best resources from across the web to do research on ramie history, ramie ancestory, and ramie family connections.
Full text of ramie fiber production internet archive. Plant fibres, which have a long history in human civilisation, have gained. The text either needs to be turned into a direct quotation or paraphrased, either way it needs to be credited to the organisation it is from. A variety of swiftgrowing grass native to the near east. Dead at maturity, fiber cells possess tapered, overlapping ends that form long, multicellular fibers. The weavers journal fall 1984 volume ix, number 2, issue 34. Boehmeria nivea is also known as white ramie or china grass. It is used for twine, fishnets, sewing thread and fabric for clothing, summer suits, dresses, canvas, tablecloths, and upholstery. Recently, i had a discussion with my husband about how those of us in our midtolatethirties are likely the last ones who did things without the assistance of immediate technology.
Ramie, a renewable natural fiber abundantly produced in china three harvests. The fiber is very fine like silk, and being naturally white in colour does not need. Ramie fibre processing and value addition scialert responsive. Its history is also closely interwoven with the bible stories. Ramie has for the most part been used in the country in which it was produced. It is a bast fiber, and the fiber used for textiles comes from the inner bark of the vegetative stalks and not the woody stem or outer bark. Robinson, agronomist, division of cotton and other fiber crops and. The fabricated ramie suture exhibited significant antibacterial activity against escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus. However, starting in the ninth century, ramie fiber came to be differentiated from hemp fiber and it was given the name. Ramie is one of the oldest fiber crops, having been used for at least 6,000 years, and is. The inner structure of ramie, however, differs from the other plant fibers that contain polymeric carbohydrate structural components.
Ramie boehmeria nivea, commonly known as china grass, white ramie, green ramie and rhea, is one of the group referred to as the bast fiber crops. Features the chinese drawloom, turned drafts in double twotie unit weave, soft drink mix dyes, antique fiber tools, japanese weaving tools, handspun ramie blouse, salish fiber history and more. Etsy is the home to thousands of handmade, vintage, and oneofakind products and gifts related to your search. This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. Ramie is a flowering plant in the nettle family urticaceae, native to eastern asia. Ramie fiber reinforced natural plastics springerlink. History society talk on natural and manufactured fibres. Ramie is a white, durable fiber that is very lustrous and dyes well. Ramie fiber production fiber characteristics and potential value ramie fiber is a bast fiber obtained from the inner bark of the ramie stem. Jul 08, 2012 like linen, ramie is a bast fiber, made from a plant source. Ramie is also called china grass, grass linen, grass cloth or china linen. Summarizing, the major revealed differences between thickened cell wall of primary and secondary hemp fibers lay in the total cell wall width and in the proportion of s1 layer relative to the rest of cell wall.
Plant fibres for textile and technical applications intechopen. Third, the residual cortex material is washed, dried, and degummed to extract the spinnable fiber. These ramie fibers are used with the different fibers for blending. Chemically ramie is classified as a cellulose fiber, just as cotton, linen, and rayon. Ramie is classified chemically as a cellulose fiber, just as cotton, linen and rayon. It was only from the 1930s onwards that ramie fabric gained commercial interest in europe.
Ramie has been an important part of high collections for many years, particularly in the spring summer seasons. It is a bast fiber, and the part used is the bark of the vegetative stalks. Ramie, 1oz, natural fiber for wet felting decor, spinning and needle felting. With considerations upon flax and hemp culture in europe, a report on the ramie machine trials of 1889 in. Types, properties and factors affecting breeding and cultivation is an essential guide to a wide range of natural fibres, and highlights key techniques for their improvement. Some other bast fibers are flax, hemp, jute, and sunn. Linen has always been held in reference as an emblem of purity, and it is mentioned frequently in the old testament. Fibres have traditionally been used in all cultures of the world to meet basic requirements of clothing, storage, building material, and for items of daily use such as ropes and fishing nets. An ancient textile is making its way back ecosalon. Recent improvements in fiber processing technology and a renewed interest in natural materials for clothing has brought ramie back into wider use. Ramie and hemp have a very long history of use, going back to as early as the first century a.
Ramie pronounced rayme, one of the oldest textile fibers, comes in two forms. The potter who was picassos collaborator offers an examination of the different phases of the renowned artists work. The true ramie or china grass also called chinese plant or white ramie is the chinese cultivated plant. Very good single issue magazine as pictured with crisp, complete pages. A book which lies between these two extremes would be of value to those with an intermediate understanding of the physical sciences. Fiber length natural fiber fracture strain interfacial shear strength. Ramie fiber is degummed for making it usable as textile fiber. Like linen, its a bast fiber part of the stalk is separated from the plant and woven into yarn. Ramie fibers are one of the oldest fibers in the world and have been cultivated now for more than 5000.
Search the history of over 411 billion web pages on the internet. The selection of fiber crops, like hemp, flax, ramie, has led to the extreme development of tertiary cell walls in fibers of their stems. It is also spun in larger quantities in saxony, at baden, which city claims the credit of being the cradle of the ramie industry. In the 1970s a loophole in the multifiber arrangement mfa allowed ramie fiber to be exported without import restrictions as long as at least 50 percent of the fabric was made of ramie.
The alternative scenario in comparison with the baseline is a ramie reinforced polyester hood part that incorporates natural biaxial woven fabrics fiber. Chemical composition of ramie mechanical properties of. The other peak characteristics of cellulose 35003000 cm. The long fiber composites can be used in structural housing or transportation uses. Flax, hemp, jute, ramie, sisal and coir are mainly used for technical purposes. The biodiversity heritage library works collaboratively to make biodiversity literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. Ramie roving, 1 oz or 2 oz, natural fiber for wet felting decor, spinning, needle felting and toy making. Linen is, therefore, the earliest known vegetable fabric to be woven. It is a highly sustainable fibre source, which makes it extremely ecofriendly. If the fiber density is known, you also have a fiber diameter, otherwise it is simpler to measure diameters in micrometers. The fibre is very fine and silklike, naturally white in colour and has a high lustre. International journal of engineering research and general science volume 1, issue 2, december 20 issn 20912730. He touches on everything from science and economics to race and popular culture, painting nuanced portraits of cottons. Ramie is one of the oldest fiber crops, having been used for at least six thousand years, and is principally used for fabric production.
Ramie the natural fiber with strength for noble apparel. In the properties section, the first section is lifted nearly wordforword from the ramie. The physical form of the cellulose in the ramie fiber is very rigid and crystalline but is. Ramie fiber properties of ramie fiber uses of ramie fiber. Ramie fibre, bast fiber crops, ramie fiber characteristics. For centuries people have been growing flax to make fiber and weave linen. Leading producers of ramie are china, taiwan, korea, the philippines and brazil. A wide variety of ramie fiber options are available to you, such as spinning, filling material. Ramie is one of the commonest fibres used in japanese textiles. From nettles to cashmere traditional natural fibres from animals and plants for weaving, spinning and dyeing, and period reenactors. Properties of ramie fibers advantages and disadvantages of. Pdf ramie fibre processing and value addition researchgate. It is a hardy perennial belonging to the urticaceae or nettle family, which can be harvested up to 6 times a year. You can also choose from raw, bleached, and dyed ramie fiber, as well as from antibacteria, abrasionresistant, and flame retardant ramie fiber there are 1,723 suppliers who sells ramie fiber.
The main producers of ramie today are china, brazil, philippines, india, south korea and thailand. Ramie was used as a linenlike fabric as far back as the times of ancient egyptians. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. Jun 02, 2016 ramie boehmeria niveau is made of natural fibers and is an everlasting kind of the nettle family. This blog will focus on my writing process and what i am reading. The natural fiber is white to cream in color, and lustrous. Ramie is a cellulosic substance as is cotton, linen and other plant fibers. Ramie is one of the oldest fiber crops, having been used for at least 6,000 years, and is principally used for fabric production.
As these names reveal, ramie was cultivated first in eastern asia. White ramie roving, 1 oz or 2 oz, natural fiber for wet felting, spinning,needle felting, toy making. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. The stalks can be dried and processed into thin threads which, when spun together, can be woven into a cloth not unlike hemp. The effect of fiber orientations on the mechanical properties. Morphological properties of the ramie fiber properties 1. International journal of engineering research and general. Linen is the most ancient vegetable fabric known to man. Flax fibre orientation distribution characteristics of these mats were determined using a fast fourier. Apart from textile uses, ramie fibre can be utilised for the production of various diversified. Its also similar to linen in that the fiber is relatively brittle and creases easily and ramie. Ramie is also used as an ornamental plant in eastern asia. Ramie fiber properties of ramie fiber uses of ramie.
In the spirit of recent books like salt and coal, a novelist and playwright, yafa examines world history through the prism of a tiny little fiber called cotton. Ramie is a crossword puzzle answer that we have spotted over 20 times. Ramie is normally harvested two to three times a year but under good growing conditions can be harvested up to six times per year. The plant is cultivated after the manner of hops, about 3,000 being set out to the acre. The long, glossy ramie fibers are naturally white and have an almost silky appearance. Ramie fibers are one of the oldest fibers in the world and have been cultivated now for more than 5000 years. Details ramie fiber production biodiversity heritage. Ramie can be made into a cloth that rivals linen in absorbency, strength when wet, and beauty. The strongest known best fiber and a very superior flax substitute for a great many purposes description ramie fiber after degumming, bleaching and combing the decorticated form. The intentional spinner offering a blend of technical knowledge, history, and easytouse tips, this inspiring collection of spinning wisdom deftly explores the three fundamental areas of yarn production. The demand of the ramie fibers are increasing day by day.
Ramie, any of several fibreyielding plants of the genus boehmeria, belonging to the nettle family urticaceae, and their fibre, one of the bast fibre q. Oh the fiber ramie part 1 ramie boehmeria nivea is a flowering plant in the nettle family urticaceae, native to eastern asia. No matter what youre looking for or where you are in the world, our global marketplace of sellers can help you find unique and affordable options. The twovolume handbook of natural fibres is an indispensable tool in understanding the diverse properties and applications of these important materials. Ramie is a fiber made from a plant of the same name a member of the nettle family. Ramie fiber has a tensile strength greater than any of these fibers and has more elasticity and ability to withstand torsion than flax or hemp with. The biography of a revolutionary fiber by stephen yafa. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing. After a long period of history, the man settled down, built himself permanent cities, and cultivated the land.